| ér | and/as well as/and so/but (not)/yet (not)/(indicates causal relation)/(indicates change of state)/(indicates contrast) |
| 而 | and as well as and so |
| 而不是 | instead of |
| 而不需 | without needing (to so sth) |
| 而且 | (not only ...) but also moreover in addition |
| 而今 | now at the present (time) |
| 而况 | much less; let alone |
| 而又 | and |
| 而后 | after that then |
| 而已 | that's all nothing more |
| 而是 | rather |
| 而立 | thirty years of age |
| 而立之年 | aged thirty (see 三十而立) |
| 而言 | with regard to (preceding phrase) |
| 而非 | but not |